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Pharmacy Retatrutide

Reading the retatrutide file: what the liver-fat trials actually measured.

WHERE THE FACTS CAME FROM

Retatrutide references name each paper and journal.

Phase 1 was the first small study in people. Phase 2 papers are linked below with the main human findings.

Read the findingsReturn to the main page

Four retatrutide papers hold most human findings

The full citations below name each paper. Four supply most human findings here.

[1] The 2023 obesity paper appeared in the New England Journal of Medicine. It reports a 48-week Phase 2 study, an early test of benefit and harm. The journal lists volume 389, issue 6, pages 514-526.

[2] The 2023 Phase 2 diabetes paper appeared in The Lancet. It reports a 36-week Phase 2 study. The journal lists volume 402, issue 10401, pages 529-544.

[4] The 2022 first-human paper appeared in The Lancet. Its listing is 400:1869-1881. The first number means volume. The rest are pages.

[5] The 2024 fatty liver paper appeared in Nature Medicine. Its listing is 30:2037-2048. The same numbering applies.

The Retatrutide research page tells what each group experienced.

  1. Jastreboff AM, et al. Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity - A Phase 2 Trial. N Engl J Med. 2023;389(6):514-526. ↗
  2. Rosenstock J, et al. Retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist, for people with type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo and active-controlled, parallel-group, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2023;402(10401):529-544. ↗
  3. Li W, Zhou Q, Cong Z, Yuan Q, Li W, Zhao F, Xu HE, Zhao LH, Yang D, Wang MW. Structural insights into the triple agonism at GLP-1R, GIPR and GCGR manifested by retatrutide. Cell Discovery. 2024;10:77. ↗
  4. Urva S, Coskun T, Loh MT, Du Y, Thomas MK, Gurbuz S, Haupt A, Benson CT, Hernandez-Illas M, D'Alessio DA, Milicevic Z. LY3437943, a novel triple GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist in people with type 2 diabetes: a phase 1b, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, multiple-ascending dose trial. Lancet. 2022;400:1869-1881. ↗
  5. Sanyal AJ, Kaplan LM, Frias JP, Brouwers B, Wu Q, Thomas MK, Harris C, Schloot NC, Du Y, Mather KJ, Haupt A, Hartman ML. Triple hormone receptor agonist retatrutide for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a randomized phase 2a trial. Nature Medicine. 2024;30:2037-2048. ↗
  6. Katsi V, Koutsopoulos G, Fragoulis C, Dimitriadis K, Tsioufis K. Retatrutide-A Game Changer in Obesity Pharmacotherapy. Biomolecules. 2025;15:796. ↗
  7. Rodriguez N, et al. Antiobesity medications in adult and pediatric obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Pharmacological Reviews. 2025;77(4):100058. ↗
  8. Wang Y, et al. Efficacy of GLP-1-based Therapies on Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatohepatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 2025;110(10):2964-2979. ↗
  9. Moiz A, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists for Weight Loss Among Adults Without Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2025;178(2):199-217. ↗
  10. Zhou Q, et al. Weight Loss Blockbuster Development: A Role for Unimolecular Polypharmacology. Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. 2025;65(1):191-213. ↗
  11. Drucker DJ, et al. Efficacy and Safety of GLP-1 Medicines for Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity. Diabetes Care. 2024;47(11):1873-1888. ↗
  12. Panou T, et al. Retatrutide in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity: an overview. Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology. 2026. ↗
  13. Viebahn GK, et al. Retatrutide improves steatohepatitis in an accelerated mouse model of diet-induced steatohepatitis with a fructose binge. American Journal of Physiology — Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. 2025. ↗
  14. Nicze M, et al. Resistant and Refractory Obesity: The Complexity of Anti-Obesity Therapy Failure. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2026;27(6):2539. ↗
  15. Malandris K, et al. Pharmacologic Treatment of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in the Context of Type 2 Diabetes. Current Diabetes Reports. 2026. ↗